'Prison Overcrowding Essay\r'

'The increase number of inmate cosmos pass pushed prison house houses towards their maximum capacity and in some cases much over leaders to inmates double-bunking in single carrels or sustenance in open dormitories (Howard 1997). In 1995, a national inmate survey conducted by the Correctional serve of Canada (CSC) stated that 26. 4% of inmates shared a cell and 12% of those inmates sharing a single cell felt threatened by their cell-mate (CSC 1995). passel who enter prison are deep affected by its social context.\r\n torturesome prison conditions have harmful consequences for inmates and to the trim world once these inmates are consumed. blighted prisons are not only afflictive or uncomfortable; they could be vitriolic to society as well (Haney 2002). 2. prison house Overcrowding Destructive Effects on Inmates emulation and conflict between increasing rime of inmates over limited resources such as washentourage, library books, television lounges and recreational ma terials leads to frustration, high rates of illness, aggression, violence and higher(prenominal) suicide rates (Howard 1997).\r\nCrowding debrieve inmates from space to obligate personalized identity or bite off unwanted interactions which creates stress. Inmates cope with excess stress in different slipway such as withdrawal, aggression or depression which greatly diminishing social relations and interactions (Howard 1997). Prison overcrowding and idleness have lead to increasing number of fickle situations leading prison administrators to press for newly tools to control and contain inmates. Most efforts to mitigate quality of life of inmates were sacrificed during the rapid profit in race of inmates.\r\nFeeley & adenosine monophosphate; Jonathan (1992) determine a management style in which punitive decision makers think of prisoners as dangerous individuals that need to be â€Å"herded,” kinda than as individuals in need of personal attention. 3. Methods to Reduce Prison Overcrowding To down prison overcrowding, researchers have suggested making changes to the blueprint and exercise of corrections facilities and reducing the number of inmates. 3. 1 Prison Design Prisons should be knowing to resemble normal residence surroundings to impose the effect of crowding.\r\nStressful levels of hitch caused by walking; talking, yelling and televisions could be reduced by use of carpets instead of tiled floors to reduce metal-on-metal contacts. Television and piano tuner sources could also be isolated to reduce their noise. A much social surroundings could be created by using modify chairs and wall decorations (Howard 1997). New design concepts ply inmates more(prenominal) privacy and the ability to thrash to individual space. Studies suggested that the need is not for more room but for more privacy.\r\nInmates should be allowed to decorate and arrange their private rooms and have keys to access their private space. (Johnston 1991) . 3. 2 Reducing Numbers of Inmates In their efforts to realize prison overcrowding, officials and researchers in the U. S. agree to reduce the population of correctional facilities in appurtenance to constructing more facilities. Reduction in population of inmates could be achieved by using alternatives such as community supervision and average sanctions such as loose release and fines. Arrests from crimes such as domestic violence, drugs and drunk driving have caused overcrowding in prisons.\r\nHowever, prison crowding can not be reduced by keeping wrongdoers in the community since community-based corrections programs are more crowd than prisons. Most of convicted offenders are in community correction programs such as parole and probation. It is falsely assumes that correctional facilities urinate more offenders than community corrections programs. The terms to supervise someone on parole or probation is much less than the address to keep an offender in prison this is due to the level of supervision per offender (Howard 1997).\r\n4. Conclusion Prison overcrowding could not be solved only by transferring inmates from crowded prisons to far more crowded correctional programs. Proper funding must be allocated to community correctional programs to enable them higher levels of supervision. Increased levels of supervision would enable them to fly high their eligibility requirements to handle offenders confined in prison while at the same condemnation maintain public safely. New correctional facilities should be built to contain the increasing numbers of offenders.\r\nNew facilities should be designed to provide a social surround that resembles that of the free world to help take for granted a healthy environment for inmates to generate their social skills. Prisons’ environment should aim to minify inmate’s stress levels by providing quiet and private space. References Correctional Service of Canada. (1995). CSC National Inmate Survey Fe eley, M. & Simon, J. (1992). The New Penology: Notes on the rising Strategy of Corrections and Its Implications.\r\nJohnston, J. C. (1991). A mental perspective on the new design concepts for William Head Institution (British Columbia). Forum on Corrections Research. Howard, J. (1997). Prison Overcrowding. John Howard fiat of Alberta. Haney, C. (2002). Prison overcrowding: Harmful Consequences and Dysfunctional Reactions. University of calcium, Santa Cruz. Steinhauer, J. (2007). California to Address Prison Overcrowding With Giant build Program. The New York Times published April 27, 2007.\r\n'